PNEUMONIA TREATMENT OPTIONS

Class

Drug

Adverse

Aminoglycoside

Gentamicin, tobramycin

Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity

Cephalosporin (1^st generation)

Cefazolin

Anaphylaxis, rash, kidney & liver toxicity

Cephalosporin (2^nd generation)

Cefaclor, cefprozil, cefuroxime

Cephalosporin (3^rd generation)

Cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone

Cephalosporin (4^th generation)

Cefepime

Fluoroquinolone

Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin

GI upset, photosensitivity, cartilage damage, headache, dizziness

Glycopeptides

Vancomycin

Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, intense flushing (red man syndrome)

Ketolide

Telithromycin

Nausea/vomiting, hepatotoxicity

Lincosamide

Clindamycin

Diarrhea, n & v, abdo pain

Macrolide

Azithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin

GI upset, jaundice

Nitroimidazole

Metronidazole

GI upset, taste alteration, dizziness

Oxazolidinone

Linezolid

GI upset, bone marrow suppr

Pencillin

Pen-V, Pen-G, amoxicillin, ampicillin, cloxacillin

Allergy, GI upset, nephrotoxicity

Rifamycin

Rifampin

Rash, liver toxicity, thrombocytopenia, body fluid discoloration (contact lens stain)

Sulfonamide

Co-trimoxazole

GI upset, rash

Tetracycline

Doxycycline

GI upset, photosensitivity